Overhead heating furnace and burner therefor



Feb. 26, 1929v G. F; BLAslER OVERHEAD HEATING FURNACE AND BURNERTHEREFOR Filed April 6, 1927 I'n ven to r 'ewy@ fT/afz'el' WM AttorneyCAD Patented Feb. 26, 1929.

UNITED y STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE F. BLASIER, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BUFFALOBOLT COMPANY, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

OVERHEAD HEATING FURNACE AND BURNER THEREFOR.

Application :lled April 6, 1927. Serial No. 181,330.

This invention relates to heating apparatus and more particularly tomeans for heating the ends of articles such as bolts, said meansincluding a novel construction and arrangement of water-cooled,gas-burners adapted for burning t-he gases or gaseous mixtures commonlyused for such purposes, as for, instances, producer gas.

Heretofore, end heat furnaces for bolt blanks and the like havegenerally been Bred with one or more burners placed either at the backor at the ends of the furnaces. In .auch furnaces, the end of a blank tobe heated is not ordinarily exposed to the direct heat from the burners,the burner chamber being in general relatively large and the blank beingheated by indirect heat. Naturally, furnaces of this type consume muchfuel and one object of my invention is 'to have the flame throwndirectly downward on the ends of the blanks, preferably from the upperarch or -roof of an end heat furnace, preferably one of relatively smallvolume and depth. Y

In order to have such a furnace fired from the top, it has been proposedto use individual cast-iron burners placed as close together aspossible, but with such arrangements it has been found necessary to keepthe heat away from the burner, for, as soon as the burner gets fairlyhot, as, for example, when it shows the least sign of becoming red, theburner will back-fire at once. Consequently, has beenvproposed to havethe nozzle of each burner located some distance above the inner surfaceof the brick arch, and to have a nozzle of refractory material built in,fronr the end of the cast-iron part of the burner to the inner surfaceor under side of the arch.

@ne object of the invention is to provide a novel and advantageous formof overhead burner suitable for use in the above and similar relations,that is proof against danger of back tiring or other damage fromoverheating and which does not require a refractory nozzle.

According to a preferred'embodiment of` the invention, the burner ismade up of a plurality of inner chambers between two downwardlyconverging side walls and separated from each other by partitionsextending from side wall to side wall and to the top wall, these wallsbeing preferably continuous for all of said chambers. Gas or a gaseousmixture is supplied from a header through individual pipes to saidchambers from which it emerges preferably through slots in the narrowbottoms of said chambers. The converging side walls of said chamber-alsoserve as inner walls of water jackets, the burner as a whole having agenerally rectangular cross-section. Water may be supplied to said waterjackets at one end near the bottom wall of the biu'ner and outlet meansmay be provided at the top of the water jackets, near the other end ofthe burner structure. Preferably, the upper wall or roof of the waterspace inclines upwardly so that the thermo circulation tendency willoperate to carry thehottest part of the water well as any steam towardthe high level outlet for the cooling medium. Preferably, the incline isafforded by making the entire structure of increasing height toward theoutlet end.

The burner is preferably positioned across the top of the arch with itslower face substantially flush with the brick Work at the under side ofthe arch in such relation that the jet flame is directed downward on thoblanks. The blanks are inserted from the side immediately over a floorof suitable refractory material, preferably inclined downwardly awayfrom the insertion side. The furnace chamber may be made rather small,as compared with the chambers of furnaces in which the blanks are heatedby indirect heat, and naturally requires less fuel.

The above and other features of my invention may be more fullyunderstood from the following description in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a sectional side elevation of a furnace embodying one form ofthe invention; j

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the burner;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the burner, partly broken away at the topto show the internal structure; and

Fig. 4 is aV vertical longitudinal sectional view of the burner. v

As shown in Fig. l, a burner 1, constructed in accordance with thepresent invention,

is mounted in the upper part of the arch of a furnace 2. The furnace 2comprises a rear arch portion 3, a lioor 4 and a suspended arch portion5 hung on an I-beam 6 which may be supported inanysuitabie manner, allAof these parts being formed of suitable heat-resisting material.Preferably, the burner l is located above and the flame is propagatedbetween the arch portions and 5. rlhis is in marked contrast witharrangements wherein the refractory material covers the metal outle sothat the refractory material constitutes the nozzle from which the {iamedevelops. As shown, rear portion 3 of the arch may be formed of aplurality of superimposed courses each extending, forward beyond thenent lower course, the burner itself forming the final step or roofofthe arch. Preferably, the floor 4 is constructed so that its uppersurface has a downward slope away from the side of the furnace where theblanks are inserted.

The burner 1 may be cast iron but is preferably formed by weldingvrolled steel plates. It comprises inner walls 7, converging from the topof to the bottom, substantially parallel outer walls 8, av botten orfuel-outlet wall 9 and a top or fuel-inlet wall 10. rlhe convergingwalls form the side walls of a number of similar burner chambers 11,which are lli-shaped in crosssection and are separated from each otherby ef-shaped transverse walls or partit-ions 12. The chambers areseparately connected at the top with individual pipes i3, connected witha header let. At the bottom of each chamber 11, is a narrow slot 15 inthe lower wall 9, adapted to serve as the nozzle for the gas jet. rlvhisnozzle slot ends asubstantial distance lfrom the partition walls 12, thelength of the slot outlet being,` in the present case, only abouttwo-thirds the distance between the partitions. rlhus the flame heat canbe dissipated in the metal endwise of the outlet as well as laterally.Each of the nozzle openings at the bottom of the chambers 11 is shown asa continuous slot but a row of shorter slots or a series of small holesmay be used as in ordinary gas stove burners.

Included between the upper and lower walls ofthe burner Iand between theconverging inner walls 7 and their respectively adjacent outer walls 8,are two chambers 16. Preferably, these chambers are not partitionedtransversely, each extending the entire length of all the burnerchambers, serving as water jackets to cool the burners. The relativelygreat vertical height of the jackets as compared with the width of 'theexposed lower surface ensures an ample sup- ;ply of the cooling mediumfree to circulate vertically into and out ofthe region of greatest heat;also the great length of the bottom surfaces of the jackets as comparedwiththe length of the nozzle slots, ensures proper cooling of the nozzlewalls. The water is supplied to the respective jackets 17 at -oneerich-near the lower wall of Vthe burner, through inlet pipes 18 and thehot water and steamescapes from the water jackets at the other endthroughhigh level outlets 19. rlhe burner being` of greater heightA atthe end outlets then at the inlets, the latter feature also tends tocompensate for the higher temperature of the water toward the outletends of the water jackets,-altliough this is `less important than thefactors of the vertical circulation natural tendencv of the colder waterto flow along` the bottom ant great width as well as great length of thejacket bottom as compared with the nozzle slot. l

wtrom Fig. l it will be evident that when a blank 2G is inserted intothe furnace 3 from the side, the 'liame from the burner 1 will bediected downwardly toward the blank and the floor s-, preferably so thatthe blank 2O will be heated directly by the flame.

lt should be understood that the number and sizes of the burner chamberspassing` through a water chamber may be varied widely and that they maybe surrounded by the water instead of merely separated by partitions;also that there may be a plurality of single burners each of thecross-section shown in Fig. 2; also that a plurality of cit er singleburner units, or multiple burner units herein shown, may be arranged endto end or in parallel rows or otherwise. Various other changes may bemade in the arrangement and construction of the path and some parts maybe used without others, without departing from they true spirit andscope of my invention.

l claim:

1. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, .consistingof a chaml f having a refractory lining and means if' heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging;downwardly through said refractory lining, s burner including,` sidewalls, an outhft having burner openings therein, and separate fuelconduits extending through said burner to corresponding burner openings,said burner being constructed for the passage of water therethrough toexert a cooling effect on said side and outlet walls and on sait. fuelconduits.

2. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining andmeans heating the articles insaid chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardlythrough said refractory lining, burner including an elongated box-likestructure having side walls, an outlet wall forming` a bottom memberextending between said side walls and having burner openings rangedlengthwise vthereof, and eparate fuel conduits extending .through saidburner to corresponding burner openings, said box- Aburner including alongitudinali'y like structure having conduit chambers permitting thepassage of Water therethrough from end to end to exert a cooling effecton said Walls and said fuel conduits. n

3. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set in and dischargingdoivn- Wardly through said refractory lining, said burner including alongitudinally extending outlet Wall provided Withlongitudinally-extending slots arranged at intervalstherealong,longitudinally extending side Walls, a Wall opposite said outlet Wall,and means within said Walls to direct fuel independent-ly to said slotsand to cooperate with said Walls to provide Water-jacket space extendingfrom end to end of the burner.

4t. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having refractory lining and means for heating the articlesin said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardlythrough said refractory lining, said burner including a longitudinallyextending outlet Wall provided With longitudinallyextendine' slotsarranged at intervals therealong, longitudinally extending side Walls, awall opposite said outlet Wall, means Within said Walls to direct fuelindependently to said slots and to cooperate with said Walls to provideWater-jacket space extending from end to end of the burner, Water-inletmeans communicating with said Water-jacket space at one end, andWater-outlet `means communicating with said Water-jacket space at theother end.

5. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set in and dischargingdownwardly through said refractory lining, said extending v outlet wallprovided with longitudinally extendingkslots arranged at intervalstherealong, longitudinally extending` side Walis, a wail opposite saidoutlet Wall, means Within said Walls to direct fuel independently tosaid slots and to cooperate with said Walls to provide Water-jacketspace extending from end to end of the burner, and of greatercross-sectional area at one end than' at the other, Water inlet meanscommunicating with said Water-jacket space at the end of smallercross-sectional area, and Water outlet meansv communicating With saidWater-jacket space at the other end. l

G4 A furnace for heating articles to a very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles vin said chamber, including a burner set in and dischargingdownwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including sideWalls, an inlet Wall extending longitudinally of said side Walls andhaving fuel inlets spaced therealong, an outlet Wall having longitudinalslots arranged thcrealong in correspondence with said inlets, and meansto connect said fuel inlets with said slots and to cooperate vvith saidWalls to provide Water-jacket space extending from end to end of theburner.

7. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof achamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set inl and dischargingdownwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including sideWalls, an inlet Wall extending longitudinally of saidrside Walls andhaving fuel inlets spaced therealong, an outlet Wall having longitudinalslots arranged tlierealong in correspondence with said fuel inlets,inner Walls extending from said fuel inlet Wall to said outlet Wall onopposite .sides of said fuel inlets and said slots and setting offcooling water spaces at the sides of the burner, and transversepartitions between said innei' Walls to cause each s fuel inlet and thecorresponding slot to be shut off from all of the rest of said fuelinlets and slots. u

8. A furnace for heating articles to very high teinpeiature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set in and dischargingdownwardly through said refractory lining, said burner includingrelatively thin, elongated horizontally extending box-like structure ofsubstantially greater height than thickness, comprising relatively longtop, bottom and side Walls, and transverse end Walls, said J(op Wallhaving fuel inlets spaced therealong and said bottom Wall havinglongitudinal slots arranged thcrealong in correspondence with said fuelinlets, spaced apart inner walls extending from said top wall to saidbottom and lengthwise of said-structure, on `opposite sides ofsaid fuelinlets and said slots, so as to set off cooling Water spaced I on tWosidesof the burner, transverse partitions betiveen said linner Walls tocause each` fuel inlet and the corresponding slot to be shut off fromall of theirest of said fuel inlets and slots, Water inlet meanscommunicatingy with said Water spaced at one end of the burner adjacentsaid bottom Wall, and water routlet means communicating with said waterspaces at .the other end of the burner and adjacent said top Wall.

9. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consistingof a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating thearticles in said chamber, including a burner set in and dischargingdownoppoeite'sides of said fuel verging 'ronisaid Outlet Well freni thewat# 4 info Wardly throuoh said refractory lining, Said burner includingside Walls, an inlet Wall ezfgtinding` longitudinally of Said side Wallsand having fuel inlets spaced 'tlnerealo-ng, an outlet Wall havinglongitudinal slots arranged therealeng in correspondence with seid fuelinlets, 'inner Walls Lending' nein said fuel inlet 'wall to i( outlet`wall on inlets and sail k r Space@l at the sides of the burner,"tranfnfcree partitions between saidinner 'Walls to Cause each 'fuelinlet and the corresponding yslet te he shut oil' from all of the reetel' i'uel 'inlets Iand slots, Water inlet inca-ns communicating withsaid Water agaces at one end o'f the burner adjacent said outlet W- ll,and wa'Y outlet means comn-iunicating with said wa'V spaces at the otherend of the burner and adjacent said inlet Wall, said inlet Wall uislotsand setting off ceolinoa w inlet end toward the water outlet end or theburner.

l0. A furnace including` an -arch o1" hea;'

resisting material, a 'loor o'l' heat-resisting material, and .aWater-cooled burner iii-eet,

. air-tight, to form a surface oi 'the upper peri' enne -ipose'd Watercooled surface thereof', which is of great area as compared with saidoutlet.

l2. A 'furnace including side and top cnclosing Walle of heat-resistinginarial, a floor of heat-resisting 1naterial, and a downwardly directedWater-cooled burner Yin-se'i, air-tight and 'orined at its outlet Wim elarge area water-cooled sur'l'ace'iorinng a part of the top interiorejur'rzice of 'said furnace enclosing Walls.

13. A furnace for heating' article-e inse 'te at one side thereof,incl-udin heet resisting material, a doWnuar-dlv i. ed Water-cooled1burner inthe upper the arch adjfaee-nt V'the inner ceV o-'r the lirontWall oi said 'fur-nace, l il a neat resistloor elopino' downwardly frenithe in- Se'rtion side of tne Alurnace.

'14. A 'furnace for heating articles at one eide ihereoll, inclndingr'anarch of heat-resisting,` material, a floordownwardly inclined from'theinecrtion side at the ineertion position, anda burner eet in top ofvsaid arch and including en exposed lower Wall provided Within yseriesof slo1"'z=rranged longitudinally of eaid'lowei' Wall, ineane forsupplying Vgaa-nous fuel to said elo-fre, and Water-cooling means forcooling Said lower Wall at opposite sides el the series oi slots.

Signed at North Tonowanda in the county of Niagara, and Sta-te of Newforli this J' dey lof April, A. D. 1927.

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